Understanding the Principle of LED Lighting

What is the basic principle behind LED lighting?

If you’re looking to grasp the principle of LED light-emitting, then you must first understand LED and the structure of LED lights.

If you do, then you’ll know the ways LEDs emit light. Take a look below!

What exactly is LED?

LED is an abbreviationof English light emitting diode. It is a reference to dime emitting light in Chinese. It is made of compounds that contain gallium (Ga) as well as nitrogen, phosphorus and arsenic.

2.Structure of LED lights

The light-emitting device’s core is comprised of a fabricated wafer made of p and N type semiconductors. Pn junctions are the layer of transition that is between pn semiconductor and nn semiconductor. In the illustration below, it is comprised of five parts: bracket, silver glue chip, gold wire and epoxy resin.

3.LED lighting principle

When a current flows through the chip, electrons in the N-type semiconductor as well as the holes in the P-type semiconductor violently collide and recombine in the light-emitting layer to produce photons. These emit energy in the form of photons (that is, the light that we see).

Principle of LED color light

If you’re interested in understanding the basic principles of the LED’s bright light-emitting then first we need familiar with the three principal colors of red (R) as well as green (G), and blue (B).

These three colors can be blended to create other colors. For instance, when red light and green light are illuminated at the same time the green and red light sources are combined to create yellow.

If two LEDs are lit the lamp produces yellow, purple and cyan.

If there is a circuit that allows red, green, and blue LEDs shine as a pair, separately and also three primary color LEDs at the same time, then it will emit seven different colors of light, so the lights of different colors appear.

The colors generated by this phenomenon are based on the proportions in the way they are superimposed.

What’s the difference in cheap LED lights and high-end LED lights?

There are many categories of LED lights. They can be simply separated into two categories.

The first is a type of light source that includes street lights and spotlights. which are used for lighting purposes.

The other kind is called lanterns, which typically include chandeliers, special-shaped lamps such as floor lamps, etc., which serve as decoration and lighting.

The lamps are either decorative or fully finished and the difference between inexpensive and costly lamps is easy to understand.

They are all chandeliers. One chandelier is a crystal chandelier made of K9 and another is an ordinary chandelier. Also, there is some made of rubber, glass, etc.

Prices and materials differ. It’s the exact same, so I won’t discuss the specifics.

The poster likely didn’t want to ask this. We’ll talk about the LED light’s core luminous sources and power supply in the coming days.

Let’s discuss lamp beads first

If you’d like to discuss it in detail, LED is a solid-statesemiconductor chip that converts electrical energy into light energy.

One side of the chip is a semiconductor of the P type, and the other an N-type semiconductor. The electrons in the N-type are pushed towards the P type as current flows through the wafer.

The principle of LED light is that when the N-type as well as P-type electrons in semiconductors meet and emit energy in the form of photons.

The material that forms the P-N junction is responsible for determining wavelength of light.

The heart of the LED light sourceis the crystal/chip that emits LED light.

After the chip is manufactured by epitaxy, grinding, evaporation and other processes for manufacturing, the number of P-N electrons that are in the chip, the scratches on the P-N electrode etc.

The luminosity of the chip is affected by the rate of conversion from lighting to electricity. Certain models have higher conversion rates and are brighter, whereas others are less efficient in their conversion rate, which we call bare crystal brightness.

Additionally, every chip comes with an attenuation factor that indicates the change in efficiency that converts electrical power into light energy within the time frame.

The more stable it is, the better. Theoretically, the life of the chip can reach 100,000 hours.

The main purpose of packaging is to protect the LED chip while transmitting light to its maximum and dispersing heat that is generated through light emission.

At present, there are process that are pin-type positive and flip-chip COB-type centralized packaging power-type packaging, and so on.

Depending on the packaging process The final price of LED will vary based on the packaging process.

Another thing to note is that the same packaging system will have distinct final control of heat dissipation, stability and cost.

Let’s discuss power supply.

The LED power supply, sometimes called driving power supply, serves only one purpose, which is to provide steady voltage and constant power supply to LED lamp beads.

The LED will begin to fade when the current is too high or unstable.

LEDs are efficient in energy use and have the lowest power consumption.

The typical voltage of a lamp is only a few volts. A few lamps that can reach hundreds of volts are special lamps.

The current that is used is very low, and is usually measured in milliamps. The lamps we see every day, the wiring directly connected to 220V household mains power.

The voltage is then stabilized and rectified before being transmitted to the LED light bead.

It is divided into isolate and non-isolate. The non-isolate power supply will directly connected to the LED lamp after the voltage has been reduced.

The reason for an isolated power source means that the output and input are isolated by a transformer.

There is a process that involves electric conversion to magnetic, and then conversion to electrical. It’s a lot safer than an isolated power supply.

The cost of power is high and that is why the cost.

Furthermore, whether or not the power supply that powers the LED drive includes functional guarantees, such as surge protection, short-circuit protection, power-off protection, leakage protection, etc. is another crucial factor that influences the final cost of the lamp.